The Aleppo pine is a fast-growing, medium-sized conifer native to the Mediterranean region. It is one of the most widely distributed pine species in this area, particularly in the western Mediterranean, such as in the countries of Spain, Portugal, southern France, North Africa, and parts of the Middle East. This species grows in coastal and low-elevation zones, though in favourable conditions, it grows in higher mountain zones, as seen in Morocco. Pinus halepensis is not native to Portugal, but it has become naturalised here, growing in the wild, especially in calcareous regions such as the Estremenho massif and the Algarve. Pinus pinea (stone pine) is native to Portugal, particularly in coastal areas, and they often grow together.

The Aleppo pine is valuable to Mediterranean wildlife, especially when planted in mixed stands with Pinus pinea and other native broadleaves such as Quercus. The Aleppo pine is typically 15 to 25 meters tall, but under unfavourable conditions, it may remain much shorter. Its growth varies: young trees often display a conical or pyramidal shape, while mature specimens develop an irregular, open, and lobed crown, giving them a sparse appearance. The Aleppo pine is a pioneer species (my favourite kind!), meaning it is among the first to colonize degraded lands. Its ecological role is crucial in stabilizing soil (It has a robust root system), preventing erosion and restoring habitats in Mediterranean ecosystems - and unfortunately lifting your driveway! It commonly associates with Mediterranean scrub, such as rosemary, kermes oak, juniper, gorse, and esparto grass, and sometimes with Quercus ilex and Pinus pinea. It is sun-loving and cannot grow in shade. It is monoecious, with both male and female cones on the same tree, and can begin to produce these as early as three years of age.